The texts published are drafted in their original language and are not subject to any translation.

The Netherlands implemented Directive (EU) 2020/1828 through the Act of 2 November 2022 amending Book 3 of the Civil Code and the Code of Civil Procedure. The Consumer Representative Act Implementation Act aligns Dutch collective redress mechanisms with the Representative Actions Directive framework.

Analysis of the Dutch WAMCA reform and its impact on collective damages actions and mass litigation.