Class and Collective Actions in Belgium

This document provides an overview of class and collective actions under Belgian law, with particular focus on the Law of 28 March 2014 introducing the action for collective redress into the Code of Economic Law.

It explains the legal situation prior to 2014, when Belgian procedural law did not allow class actions due to the “personal interest” requirement, and examines the three available collective mechanisms: collective redress (class action), joined actions, and actions for collective interest.

The brief also analyzes the scope, limitations, jurisdictional rules, opt-in/opt-out system, and the 2018 extension of the regime to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).

Class and Collective Actions in Belgium​.pdf

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Authors of the original document: Maria Jose Azar-Baud & Sophie De Schepper