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Spain has yet to transpose Directive (EU) 2020/1828. After the approval of a Draft Law in March 2024 introducing a comprehensive collective actions regime, the Spanish Congress removed the entire collective actions block in November 2024, leaving Spain without a transposition framework. This article analyses the erased proposal, its key features, and the amendments debated.

In its November infringement package, the European Commission issued reasoned opinions to Austria and Romania for failing to fully transpose Directive (EU) 2020/1828 on representative actions. The Commission called on both Member States to comply with their obligations concerning the protection of consumers’ collective interests.